✓Explain how waves shape coastal landforms through erosion, transportation and deposition.
✓Distinguish between constructive and destructive waves using features such as wave shape, wavelength, frequency, swash and backwash.
✓Explain why erosion is more powerful on high‑energy windward coasts than on low‑energy leeward coasts.
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Ever noticed how a beach can look wide and sandy one week… then suddenly narrow, rocky, and ‘washed out’ after rough seas? That’s waves acting like a moving conveyor belt, shifting sand and pebbles up and down the shore, and sometimes tearing the coastline back. Caribbean link: On Barbados, beaches can change quickly, up to 15,000 m³ of sand may be shifted in a few weeks on a sheltered west-coast beach.
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Ever noticed how a beach can look wide and sandy one week… then suddenly narrow, rocky, and ‘washed out’ after rough seas? That’s waves acting like a moving conveyor belt, shifting sand and pebbles up and down the shore, and sometimes tearing the coastline back. Caribbean link: On Barbados, beaches can change quickly, up to 15,000 m³ of sand may be shifted in a few weeks on a sheltered west-coast beach.